Infants in the TD group preferred complex stimuli with no change in PD. complex stimuli ( p < 0.001), while siblings showed a pervasive hyper-arousal to both simple and complex stimuli. Specifically, pre-term infants showed increased PD toward simple vs. Findings show that the two risk groups preferred stimuli with simple features ( F = 11.306, p < 0.001), accompanied by increased PD ( F = 6.6, p < 0.001). more complex non-social cues (amorphous shapes, colors, and motions) and social interaction in typically developing infants (TD, N = 25) and among two groups of infants at-risk to develop social difficulties (pre-terms, N = 56 siblings of children with Autism, N = 16). Specifically, we explored attention to stimuli with simple salient features (e.g., clear defined shapes, colors, and motions) vs. This study investigated infants' ( N = 97) attention-engagement and pupil-dilation (PD) at 9 months of age, using a gaze-contingent paradigm and a structured social interaction. There are two main populations with a higher risk to develop attentional and social deficits whose deficits may arise from difficulties in regulating attention to salient cues: (1) siblings of children diagnosed with Autism and (2) infants who were born pre-term. The ability to engage attention with selected stimuli is essential for infants to explore the world and process information relating to their surroundings. 4The Department of Psychology, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.3Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
2Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel.1The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.Michal Zivan 1, Iris Morag 2,3, Jessica Yarmolovsky 1,4 and Ronny Geva 1,4 *
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